Heart failure is a condition where the heart can’t pump blood as well as it should. It doesn’t mean the heart has stopped — it means it’s not working efficiently enough to meet the body’s needs.
Types of Heart Failure
- Left-sided heart failure – Most common; fluid backs up into the lungs.
- Right-sided heart failure – Fluid builds up in the legs, abdomen, and liver.
- Congestive heart failure (CHF) – A term often used when fluid buildup (congestion) is present.
Common Causes
- Coronary artery disease
- High blood pressure
- Previous heart attack
- Diabetes
- Heart valve disease
- Cardiomyopathy (weak heart muscle)
Symptoms
- Shortness of breath (especially when lying down)
- Swelling in legs, ankles, or abdomen
- Fatigue and weakness
- Rapid or irregular heartbeat
- Persistent cough or wheezing
- Sudden weight gain from fluid retention
🚨 Seek emergency care if you notice:
- Severe shortness of breath
- Chest pain
- Fainting
- Pink, frothy mucus when coughing
Treatment
While heart failure is usually chronic, it can be managed with:
Medications
- ACE inhibitors or ARBs
- Beta blockers
- Diuretics (“water pills”)
- SGLT2 inhibitors
Lifestyle Changes
- Reduce salt intake
- Limit fluids (if advised)
- Daily weight monitoring
- Regular, gentle exercise
- Stop smoking
Advanced Treatments (if severe)
- Implantable devices (pacemaker, defibrillator)
- Surgery
- Heart transplant
Important
Heart failure requires ongoing medical care. Early treatment greatly improves quality of life and survival.
If you’d like, tell me:
- Are you asking for general information or about someone specific?
- What symptoms are present?
I can give more tailored guidance.
